3′-End Polishing of the Kinetoplastid Spliced Leader RNA Is Performed by SNIP, a 3′→5′ Exonuclease with a Motley Assortment of Small RNA Substrates†

AUTOR(ES)

Zeiner, Gusti M.

FONTE

American Society for Microbiology

RESUMO

In all trypanosomatids, trans splicing of the spliced leader (SL) RNA is a required step in the maturation of all nucleus-derived mRNAs. The SL RNA is transcribed with an oligo-U 3′ extension that is removed prior to trans splicing. Here we report the identification and characterization of a nonexosomal, 3′→5′ exonuclease required for SL RNA 3′-end formation in Trypanosoma brucei. We named this enzyme SNIP (for snRNA incomplete 3′ processing). The central 158-amino-acid domain of SNIP is related to the exonuclease III (ExoIII) domain of the 3′→5′ proofreading ɛ subunit of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. SNIP had a preference for oligo(U) 3′ extensions in vitro. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SNIP resulted in a growth defect and correlated with the accumulation of one- to two- nucleotide 3′ extensions of SL RNA, U2 and U4 snRNAs, a five-nucleotide extension of 5S rRNA, and the destabilization of U3 snoRNA and U2 snRNA. SNIP-green fluorescent protein localized to the nucleoplasm, and substrate SL RNA derived from SNIP knockdown cells showed wild-type cap 4 modification, indicating that SNIP acts on SL RNA after cytosolic trafficking. Since the primary SL RNA transcript was not the accumulating species in SNIP knockdown cells, SL RNA 3′-end formation is a multistep process in which SNIP provides the ultimate 3′-end polishing. We speculate that SNIP is part of an organized nucleoplasmic machinery responsible for processing of SL RNA.

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