A model of the carbon monoxide transport in the respiratory system of the human body. / Um modelo do transporte de monóxido de carbono no sistema respiratório do corpo humano.

AUTOR(ES)

Cyro Albuquerque Neto

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

This work is about the transport of carbon monoxide in the human body. The carbon monoxide is a colorless, odourless and tasteless gas and the main cause of accidental deaths for poisoning. It is responsible for the biggest amount of pollutant launched in the atmosphere. When inspired, it occupies places destined to the oxygen transport, with affinity about 250 times bigger. The oxygen is used by the tissues in the process of energy generation. Its lack can cause damages to the health. High concentrations of carbon monoxide can result in fatal accidents. To analyze the transport of carbon monoxide, a mathematical model of the respiratory system was developed, considering the exchanges of the gases carbon monoxide, oxygen and carbon dioxide. With this model, it is possible to analyze the transient distribution of carbon monoxide in the human body, depending on the conditions of the inspired air. It is defined by the separation of the places where the gases are present in compartments. These are the alveoli, the pulmonary capillaries, the arterial blood, the venous blood, the tissues and the tissues capillaries. The equations were defined by principles of mass conservation. The transport of these gases in blood and tissues are represented by empiric based equations, including the influence between them. Some model’s simulation results are presented and discussed at the end. The validation was done comparing the model’s results with experimental data of controlled exposition to carbon monoxide. The agreement between the results was excellent. After that, the model was used to some typical situation. One of them is about the verification of the quality air criteria for carbon monoxide, showing to be adequate. Other application are typical fire situations, where the carbon dioxide rising and oxygen reduction showed to accelerate the absorption of carbon monoxide by the human body.

ASSUNTO(S)

modelagem sistema respiratório poluição atmosférica bioengenharia bioengineering atmospheric pollution model respiratory system

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