Acitretin therapy for chemoprophylaxis of skin cancer in renal transplant recipients: clinical, histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. / Uso de acitretina para prevenção e tratamento de câncer de pele em transplantados renais: avaliação clínica, histológica e imuno-histoquímica

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

Renal transplant recipients have an increased incidence of actinic keratosis and skin cancer. In order to examine the chemoprophylatic effects of low-dose acitretin on skin cancer development we submitted 13 renal transplanted patients to acitretin therapy (20 mg/day) for 12 month. The patients were assessed at monthly intervals during the first 6 months and every two months until the 12th month for new skin lesions and for acitretin toxicity. Normal skin biopsies of sun exposed and sun protected area were taken for histopathological exam and submitted to immunohistochemistry technique to demonstrate CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, natural killer cells and Langerhans cells wich were counted and compared in the beginning, after 6th month and 12th month of the treatment. There was an improvement of actinic keratosis and all patients but one did not develop new skin cancer. Side-effects were well-tolerated and no significant biochemical effects were observed. Although there were no differences in the microscopic aspects of the skin and in the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, there was a significant increase in the number of epidermal Langerhans cells after 12 months of acitretin therapy. The data obtained permit us to conclude that low dose acitretin therapy is safe, well-tolerated and partially effective in chemoprophylaxis of skin cancer in renal transplant recipients. The increase in epidermal Langerhans cells observed may be an expression of the immunomodulatory effect of acitretin.

ASSUNTO(S)

himunohistoquímica/métodos skin neoplasms/prevention &control adjuvantes imunológicos/uso terapêutico células de langerhans/efeitos de drogas immunohistochemistry/methods kidney transplantation/pathology neoplasias cutâneas/prevenção &controle immunosuppression/adverse effects neoplasias cutâneas/quimioterapia acitretina/uso terapêutico transplante de rim/patologia langerhans cells/drug effects imunossupressão/efeitos adversos immunologic/therapeutic use skin neoplasms/drug therapy acitretin/therapeutic use adjuvants

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