Alterações dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares segundo o consumo de óleo de coco.

AUTOR(ES)

Monica Lopes de Assunção

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the principal cause of mortality in this country and the prevalence is increasing amongst the lower socioeconomic classes. Modifiable risk factors, that can be removed or controlled by means of changes of lifestyle, are distinguished amongst the variables related to this occurence. Of these factors, tobacco smoking, sedentary behavior and bad eating habits, are significant. The diet, in this case, can exert a protecting or promoting influence on CVD. Amongst the dietary factors, saturated fat has important deleterious effects on the health of the heart. However,even though they belong to the same category of lipids, some triglycerides present metabolic behavior differentiated by virtue of their structural characteristics, particularly the size of the hydrocarbon chain. Thus, it is possible that medium chain triglycerides (MCT) do not represent a cardiovascular risk factor and, on the contrary, can even exert a protective effect. The coconut is a product widespread in the northeast of Brazil, and its oil, rich in MCT, is widely used in the food industry, however it has been poorly accepted for use in the domestic diet, possibly in view of the belief that, without scientific foundation, it is a possible hypercholesterolemic agent. The objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of the consumption of coconut oil on the cardiovascular risk factors and body composition of obese women. This dissertation consists of two articles, one being a literature study and the other presenting the results of an investigation conducted on a sample of 40 women (aged 20 to 40) that were overweight (25 35 kg/m2) and with a waist circumference (WC) >88cm, randomly allocated into 2 groups, for the consumption of soya oil (S) or coconut oil (C). Anthropometric and biochemical evaluations were performed before (T1) and after 12 weeks (T2) of the lipid supplements. The groups consumed 30ml of oil daily, respectively of soya or coconut, divided amongst the three principal meals. The results demonstrated that the groups presented similar BMI in T1 (31.1 3.3 vs 31.0 3.6). In T2 it had been significantly reduced intra-group but not inter-group (30.7 3.4 vs 30.5 3.6). There was a significant reduction in WC in group C (98.8 6.7 vs 97.4 7.0; p = 0.004) but not in group S (97.1 6.1vs 97.4 5.35; p = 0.48). There was a reduction in the level of HDL in group S. All the other biochemical parameters remained unaltered in all the groups (glycemia, HOMA S, HOMA % β, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, fibrinogen). Therefore it was concluded that the daily consumption of 30g of coconut oil, in this population for a period of 3 months, did not cause dyslipidemia and promoted a reduction in WC.

ASSUNTO(S)

nutricao antioxidants metabolism metabolismo antioxidantes acid lauric lipemic disorders Ácido láurico medium-chain fatty acids dislipidemias Ácidos graxos de cadeia média

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