Avaliação in vitro da citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade dos polímeros de albumina magnéticos

AUTOR(ES)

Camila de Arruda Saldanha

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Nanotechnology is marked by an increasing interest in the biomedical field. Nanostructured materials, such as magnetic fluids, magnetoliposomes, and magnetic polymers, composed of magnetic nanoparticles (NPMs) have been proposed for several applications: drug delivery systems, cell sorter, in vitro and in vivo diagnosis, and also for the treatment of several pathologies. A new sample, the magnetic albumin polymers (PAM) composed of maghemite nanoparticles (diameter 9.2nm; 2.46 × 1014 particle/mg) has been developed for biomedical applications purposes. New materials have to be biologically investigated before their clinical tests. In accordance with this requirement, the aim of this work was to evaluate, in vitro, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity degrees of PAM sample. Human submandibular duct cells (HSG) and mesangial cells (CM) were cultivated during 24 hours in the presence of the PAM sample at three different concentrations (250mg/mL, 150mg/mL e 75mg/mL). The cytotoxicity was evaluated through acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining assay. The genotoxicity was investigated through the comet assay. Further, cells morphology and ultra structure were investigated by both light and transmission electronic microscopes analyses. The data show that the sample PAM (1) presents cytotoxicity related to the sample concentration and cellular type; (2) conducts less than 20% of cell to death; death are mainly by apoptosis; (3) presents genotoxic activity but the induced damage s are not intense (classes 1 and 2); (4) at the minor concentrations may present genotoxic activity without parallel cytotoxicity; (5) does not induce morphological or ultra structural alterations on both cellular types; (6) NPMs may be internalized by HSG and CM cells. The PAM cytotoxicity and genotoxicity activities may be related to the free radical production induced by the NPMs iron content. The results suggest that PAM is possibly biocompatible and also that this sample deserves to be investigated through in vivo tests that can elucidate the albumin po lymers- maghemite particles and animal cell-tissues interactions.

ASSUNTO(S)

genotoxicidade ciencias biologicas polímeros de albumina magnéticos citotoxicidade

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