Avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa das águas utilizadas na cultura do arroz irrigado em áreas produtoras da Bacia do Itajaí-SC

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The region of the Itajaí catchment -SC, is a great producer of rice in the plantation system germinated daily pay. To guarantee higli productivity, the water is a feeder intensely used in the culture of the irrigated rice. Its importance is related to the use for the preparation of the soil, to supply necessity of the plant, to the easiness of control of weeds, insects and diseases. The cultural practices for the plantation of the rice irrigated involve soil prefarcifron of the ground, application of agrochemicals and fertilization, being able to cause negative ambient impacts. In this direction, the present work had for objective to evaluate the use of the water in the productive process of the rice irrigated in the basin of the Itajaí, under the quantitative and qualitative point of view. It was carried out a management of the quality and amount in agricultural harvest 2004/2005. For this, six rural properties were selected. In these areas, it should not occur external intermediate arrivals, such as launching of domestic sewers, or residue from other activities. Also three cities in the basin of the Itajaí had been selected: Agronômica, Trombudo Central and PousoRedondo. In this way, were highlighted activities that contemplated the general objective of this research; (i) to evaluate the secular evolution of index IQA of Bascarán, in different forms of handling with the culture, as well as in the different periods of the plant development; (ii) quantified the water used in the culture of the rice irrigated; (iii) evaluate the quality of the water of irrigation, draining, relation to the agrochemicals 2,4-D, pyrazosulfuron-ethylic, metsulfuron-methylic and quinclorac; (iv) make a comparative degree between an index physicist-chemistry and a biological index; (v) verify the evolution of the load of pollutants. The results demonstrated that, as in the system of irrigation for continuous submersion as in the system of intermittent irrigation, the preparation of the soil is the one that presented greater degradation in the quality of water. In relation to water consumption, the period of training that had greater consumption was period of maturation. Globally, the water consumption for the rice culture activity, if kept inside of the values recommended. Through the IQAb one perceives that degradation in the direction of the quality of water of irrigation for draining occurs, what was not observed in the BMWP. The majority of the draining and irrigation water samples had not presented concentrations of herbicides, being only found metsulfouron, about 79 days after its application, in two samples. Thus, for waters of draining in rivers they had been found herbicide 2,4-D, pyrazosulfuronetil e quinclorac in high concentrations. The loads of pollutants had presented differences between water of irrigation for draining water, in the different periods of training of development of the plant

ASSUNTO(S)

agrochemicals qualidade de água Água na agricultura; drenagem; arroz - irrigação amount of water engenharias agroquímicos arroz irigado irrigated rice quality of water quantidade de água

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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