Characterization of candida oral flora in HIV-1 infected children in the HAART era / Caracterização de leveduras de cavidade oral de crianças infectadas pelo HIV-1, antes e durante o uso de inibidor de protease

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

This study characterized the Candida oral flora from 52 Brazilian HIV 1-infected children, comparing the Candida species identified in two periods before (PI) and under (PII) the introduction of the HIV Protease Inhibitor therapy. The majority (80%) of the children from the PI group were colonized by C. albicans. Children in the PII (52%) were colonized by C. albicans and 28% of them carried on mixed colonization (C. albicans and Non?albicans isolates). Therefore when we compared the periods I and II, after the inhibitor protease usage there was an important decrease in the percentile of colonization for C. albicans of 80% to 52%, suggesting an important change of the Candida oral colonization after the HIV protease inhibitors introduction. Particularly with increase of the Non-albicans isolates incidence (p=0.005) in the period II. In PI there were 8 children that were colonized by Non-albicans species and in the PII there were 20 children colonized with Non?albicans isolates. Rare Candida species were identified, particularly we investigated the C. dubliniensis prevalence in a HIV-infected child?s family. Of 52 children in this study 20 (38.4%) of them showed oral lesions associated to the Candida colonization. In spite of the high susceptibility of the isolates to the antifungal agents tested in this study, 4.4% (n=2) exhibited resistance to the fluconazole. One of the isolates was C. albicans from a HIV-infected child not prior exposure to azoles, which showed antifungal cross-resistance. One C. tropicalis isolate has shown low susceptibility to fluconazol (MIC ? 64 µg/ml). This study was succeeded in showing the inhibitory effect of ritonavir on a single hyphae tip growth of C. albicans. The present investigation revealed a significative change of the Candida oral colonization in Brazilian HIV-infected children under HAART, high diversity of Candida species and Non-albicans species emergence after IP usage

ASSUNTO(S)

candida candida candida albicans candida albicans hiv-1 infecções por hiv hiv-1 hiv infections

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