Chemical properties of lipopolysaccharides from spotted fever group rickettsiae and their common antigenicity with lipopolysaccharides from Proteus species.

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The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia strains Thai tick typhus TT-118 and Katayama were characterized by chemical analyses, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoblotting. These LPS did not contain heptose, but they contained 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO), glucosamine, quinovosamine, phosphate, ribose, an unknown neutral sugar, and palmitic acid. Resolution of the apparent molecular masses of these LPS by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and staining with silver showed ladder-like bands. In an ELISA, convalescent-phase sera from 10 patients with Japanese spotted fever reacted with LPS from the Katayama strain, and 90% (9 of 10) of these sera also reacted with LPS isolated from Proteus vulgaris OX2. Immunoblotting revealed that the sera reacted with the high-molecular-mass bands of LPS from SFG rickettsiae, in addition to those of OX2 LPS. In an ELISA, immunoglobulin M antibodies from these sera reacted with the O-polysaccharide and lipid A portions of LPS from P. vulgaris OX2. The epitopes common to LPS of SFG rickettsiae and P. vulgaris OX2 may be in the O-polysaccharide and lipid A portions.

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