Consumption of fertilizing solutions for adult plants of ‘tahiti’ lime on ‘rangpur’ lime in localized irrigation. / Consumo de soluções fertilizantes por plantas adultas de lima ácida Tahiti sobre limão Cravo em irrigação localizada.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The citriculture plays fundamental role in the agribusiness of the State of São Paulo, however in the last 5 years many citrus growers feel the need to irrigate their orchards, looking for the stability and yield increase. For the development of the project three experiments were installed, being the first to evaluate the porous lysimeter developed by Machado &Coelho (2000), with the objective of determining the water consumption of young plants of ‘Tahiti’ lime on Swingle citrumelo (Experiment I). The second research trial was accomplished at an orchard of ten years old, and had the objective of measuring the consumption of fertilizing solution by the root system of ‘rangpur’ lime rootstock on ‘Tahiti’ lime, using the porous lysimeter methodology, in function of three different fertilizing solutions (Experiment II). The third experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with the objective of studying the vegetative development and the water consumption of seedlings of Pêra orange on ‘rangpur’ lime in function of fertigations with nitrogen and calcium in the first year from planting (Experiment III). Data of the experiment I was collected from three plants isolated properly from the natural rain, supplyed with water only from the porous lysimeter. The water consumption of the plants of ‘Tahiti’ lime on the Swingle Citrumelo rootstock with 1 and a half year old and medium wetted area fraction (P) of 4%, varied from 2 to 3.5 L.day-1 and the crop evapotranspiration ranged from 3 to 5 mm.day-1. Experiment II was conducted with adult plants. Two plants were isolatedfrom the natural precipitations for the accomplishment of the experiment. Nine lysimeters sets were installed in the canopy projection, being three for each treatment to be implanted: Treatment 1 pure water (control), Treatment 2 fertilizing solution (N, P and K) and Treatment 3 fertilizing solution (N, P, K, Ca, Zn and B). The inclusion of the elements Ca, Zn, B, and S in the solution of N, P and K (Treatment T3) increased the uptake of water and nutrients in 48% when compared to the control, and the application of only the elements N, P and K (Treatment T2) was superior to the control in 9%. The consumption of solution in the treatment T3 (N, P, K, Ca, Zn, B and S) was higher than the treatment T2 (N, P and K) in 35%. The methodology of the porous lysimeter presented satisfactory results in the measurement of the water consumption for the adult plants. In the conditions in that the experiment was conducted, that is, with values of wetted area fraction of 5% for PW and 13% for P, the average consumption of water by the plants was of 30 and 35 L.day-1 for the plants 1 and 2, respectively. In the conditions the experiment was conducted, the results regarding the water consumption by the plants showed that the application of N and Ca through fertigation did not promote significant increase in the water consumption. The smallest doses of N and Ca provided the largest values of leaf area. The values of height of the plants and diameter of the trunk did not present differences among the treatments.

ASSUNTO(S)

citricultura nutrição vegetal localized irrigation fertirrigation vegetable nutrition fertirrigação irrigação localizada citrus

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