Control of muscular production of reactive species and cytokines by palmitic acid and eletrical stimulation: possible implications in aging. / Controle da produção muscular de espécies reativas e citocinas por ácido palmítico e eletroestimulação: possíveis implicações no envelhecimento.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a key role in several cell functions, however, high concentrations of these species cause cell dysfunction. High production of reactive species, and cytokines, which also induce skeletal muscle injury, and an increase of plasma concentration of fatty acids are observed in aging. However, an association between the augment in the production of reactive species and cytokines by skeletal muscle and of plasma fatty acid concentrations was not investigated yet. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the modulation of production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and of cytokines by palmitic acid and electrical stimulation muscle contraction. Palmitic acid increased the production of superoxide (through mitochondria and NADPH oxidase), nitric oxide (by iNOS), and citokynes (IL-6 and CINC-2), and induced NF-kB activation. The electrical stimulation-muscle contraction increased the production of superoxide (through mitochondria and xanthine-xanthine oxidase system), nitric oxide (by iNOS), and induced NF-kB activation. There was no change in the production of cytokines in the electrical stimulation protocol. In conclusion, palmitic acid raised the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and cytokines by skeletal muscle. Electrical stimulation-muscle contraction also increased the production of these reactive species. Therefore, muscle oxidative stress is controlled by the muscle contractile activity and plasma fatty acid levels.

ASSUNTO(S)

eletroestimulação palmitic acids Ácidos palmíticos palmeiras palm espécies reativas envelhecimento aging citocinas cytokines eletrics stimulation reactive species

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