Desinfecção de explantes e cultivo in vitro de Piretro da Dalmácia (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium Vis. cv. Vacaria) / Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium cv. Vacaria) explants disinfection and cultivation in vitro

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The activities that involve floriculture have distinguished positively in the economic scenario of the Brazilian agribusiness. Among the plant species used for that purpose it can be distinguished the species belonging to the botanical family Asteraceae, mainly from the genus Chrysanthemum. The species C. cinerariaefolium Vis. is worldwide cultivated in order to produce the alelochemicals, which have activities of natural insecticides (pyretrine). In Brazil it was produced in large scale, in the Taquara-RS County in the decade of 30 to 40. Recently the interest on its cultivation has increased as natural alternative of pest management as ornamental plant, mainly in yards. However, the fact of no seed is produced by the plant that limits its capacity of massal production. In order to optimize its micropropagation two experiments were developed. In the experiment 1 it was evaluated 30 days after cultivation the influence of five concentrations of sodium hipochlorine (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% of the commercial product Mazzarolo), and five time lengths of the explants permanence in the disinfecting solution (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min.). It was isolated 125 meristems, 25 treatments with five replications. The isolated explants were inoculated in isolation media, that was constituted of MS + 1.0 mg.mL-1 of BAP + 0.1 mg.L-1 of GA3 + 0.01 mg.L-1 ANA + 30 g.L- 1 of sucrose in 7.0 g.L-1 of Agar. In the experiment 2 it was evaluated the influence of different concentrations of hipochlorine and two length of time in disinfection solution measuring the percentage of necrosis, amorphous structures, seedlings formed and length of the sprouts. The regenerated seedlings from experiment 1 were inoculate in a medium of multiplication that was of MS + 0.4 mg.L-1 of Thiamine HCl + 100 mg.L-1 of Mio-Inositol 0.05 mg.L-1 of ANA + 1.0 mg.L-1 of BAP + 40 g.L-1 of sucrose and 7.0 g.L-1 of Agar. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.9 before the autoclaving process. The results obtained in the experiment 1 indicated that the higher the time length in the solution, the higher is the percentage of necrosis. However, the higher is the permanence of higher rate of microbial contamination. In the experiment 2; it was observed that the percentage of necrosis is higher at the concentration of 50%. There was no influence of the analyzed factors in the yield of amorphous structures. For the number of sprouts/explants and length of sprouts, the better performance was in the solution of 30%. However, the rate of sprouts per explants diminished as the length of time in the solution increased. The best results for sprout length were obtained up to 15 minutes of permanence. Therefore, it can be concluded that C. cinerariaefolium Vis. responds positively to in vitro culture. The rate of necrosis increases as the hipochlorine concentration is higher. On the other hand, the contamination rate increases as the disinfection solution diminishes. The concentration o hipochlorine sodium as the length of time of permanence in the initial disinfecting solution used during the explants disinfection affects the number and the sprout length produced during the subculture.

ASSUNTO(S)

disinfection chrysanthemum piretro. crisântemo micropropagation pyretro. micropropagação vegetal cultura de tecidos vegetais

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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