Ecologia de Culex quinquefasciatus e de Culex nigripalpus no Parque Ecológico do Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil / Ecology of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus at the Parque Ecológico do Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Introduction - Culex quinquefasciatus has high synanthropy, infest human dwellings and is vector of nematoids and arbovirus from endemic areas, respectively, in Brazilian coast and in Central or North America. Culex nigripalpus has average synanthropy and can disperse through the anthropic environment carrying Saint Louis Virus and Equine Encephalitis Virus, respectively, in North America and Venezuela. Objective - To characterize host-feeding habit of Culex nigripalpus and density, survival and host-feeding habit of Culex quinquefasciatus in the Parque Ecológico do Tietê (PET), São Paulo. Methods - The PET is an Area of Environmental Protection with resident or migratory animals. The samples of adult mosquitoes were collected, monthly, in four areas in the PET, during one year and by means of a backpack battery aspirator. An indirect ELISA technique was used for the identification of the host that is an alimentary source for the mosquito species. The density of Cx. quinquefasciatus population was estimated using the Mark, Release and Recapture method on the vegetation of the edge of a canal in the PET. Samples of females of Cx. quinquefasciatus from this place were dissected or followed in laboratory for estimating the survival rate. Results – Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. nigripalpus fed on human 6.5 and 8.3%, dog 18.8 and 27.7%, chicken 7.4 and 2.3%, rat 2.8 and 9.0%, multiple hosts 3.2 and 8.2% and unidentified hosts 67.9 and 60.9%, respectively. The unweighted human blood index (HBI) values were 0.20 for Cx. quinquefasciatus and 0.17 for Cx. nigripalpus populations. The feeding index values between the hosts human/dog, human/chicken and human/rat were, respectively, 0.35, 0.63 and 2.65 for Cx. quinquefasciatus and 0.30, 2.56 and 1.05 for Cx. nigripalpus. The distributions of blood-meals had statistically significant association on Sella 2 stage of the Cx. nigripalpus collected in all areas at the PET. The density of Cx. quinquefasciatus for an area of 2,520 m2 was 7,262±1,537. The proportion of parous, gonotrophic cycle length and survival rate were, respectively, equal to 0.48, 4.75 (CL 95% = 4.3-5.2) and 0.86, for Cx. quinquefasciatus population. Conclusions – Dogs and chickens are important hosts for Cx. quinquefasciatus, whereas dog is an important host for Cx. nigripalpus. The host-blood of females in Sella 2 stage increases sensibility of the indirect ELISA assay. The survivorship and the density of Cx. quinquefasciatus indicate that these species are epidemiologically relevant in the PET area as either a pest or vector species. Those species should be a goal of the vector control program of Sao Paulo municipality.

ASSUNTO(S)

culex ecologia ecology culex neotropics neotropical host-feeding habit public health saúde pública hábito alimentar capacidade vetora indirect elisa vectorial capacity elisa indireto

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