Efeito da eletroestimulação nervosa transcutânea de alta e baixa frequência no alívio da dor de puérperas pós-episiotomia: estudo clínico, randomizado e duplo cego / Effect of high and low frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in postpartum pain relief after episiotomy: a clinical, randomized and double blind study

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

12/07/2011

RESUMO

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive method that has as main purpose the relief of pain. The perineal pain after episiotomy is a frequent complaint in the puerperium that can interfere in many daily activities of puerperae. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high and low frequency TENS in postpartum pain relief after episiotomy. This is a clinical, randomized, controlled, double blind study with placebo, consisting of 32 puerperal women undergoing to vaginal delivery with episiotomy. The participants were divided into three groups, high frequency TENS (TAF), low frequency TENS (TBF) and TENS placebo (TP). The electrodes were placed parallel near episiotomy, in the region of the pudendal and genitofemoral nerves. The TAF group has received 100 Hz frequency and pulse width of 100 ?s and the TBF group received frequency of 5 Hz with pulse width of 100 ?s. In the TP group the device was connected but did not deliver the electrical stimulation. The duration of TENS application was 30 minutes. Initially, it was filled the form data\ s, composed of the variables related to the women\ s identification, data\ s socio-demographic, obstetric, labor and actual delivery, the newborn and request and/or consumption of pain relief resource. Four evaluations were done. The initial assessment occurred before TENS. The puerperae who reported pain in episiotomy responded the visual numeric scale (VNS) in the rest position and the movements sit and walk. In the verification of functional limitation, the puerperaes answered questions regarding the activities of daily living that were limited. The second evaluation was initiated immediately after removal TENS, being applied the EVN in the same activities previously assessed. In the three study groups was applied the instrument about the puerperae opinion regarding the use of TENS. The third assessment occurred 30 minutes after removal of TENS, there was a new pain assessment only for the rest position. The fourth assessment was carried out to pass 60 minutes from the removal of TENS, was done the latest assessment of pain in the rest position. In collecting data, one examiner was responsible by the assessment of pain and to completing the evaluation form and the other by application of TENS. It was used nonparametric statistics tests, with a significance level of p <= 0.05. Descriptive analysis was used for data presentation. In the intragroup analysis was observed in groups TAF and TBF statistically significant difference in pain intensity at rest position and activities sit and walk, no significant difference in the analyzed evaluations in the TP group. The results of the intergroup analysis, showed a statistically significant difference in resting position and sit in groups TAF and TBF. There isn\ t verified significantly different between the three groups in walking activity. TENS in the high and low frequencies has proven effective in relieving pain of the puerperae undergoing episiotomy after normal delivery, can be routinely used in the maternity routine.

ASSUNTO(S)

dor eletroestimulação nervosa transcutânea episiotomia episiotomy fisioterapia pain physical therapy puerpério puerperium transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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