Efeito dos óleos essenciais de diferentes espécies de Eucalyptus spp sobre a microflora do milho em pós-colheita / Effect of essential oils of different species of Eucalyptus on the microflora of postharvest corn

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The essential oils of plants are a potential source of active ingredients that can be used as pesticides to combat insects, bacteria and fungi. Several studies have been reported in the literature on the fungitoxic potential of essential oils, including oils from some species of Eucalyptus. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of essential oils from different species of Eucalyptus on the natural microflora of post-harvest corn. Three different assessments were used for this study: a) the initial assessment was used to grade ten Eucalyptus oils relating to its antifungal potential. In this assessment the effect of oil was checked on corn grains that were placed on moistered filter paper, considering the natural microflora of the grains, b) the second assessment was carried out just on higher antifungal potential oils observed in the initial evaluation and their binary blends. This evaluation simulates the conditions of grain storage considering the natural microflora of grain and c) the thrid assessment was carried out using basal medium (Maize Meal Extract Agar) and aflatoxigenic species, Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. In all assessments, two assays were evaluated, headspace volatile exposure assay and contact assay. The oils of E. grandis, E. citriodora, the hybrid of E. grandis x E. urophylla and E. staigeriana which had the best antifungal efficiency in the initial evaluation on the natural microflora of corn were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry for their composition. In the evaluation of grain storage for the contact assay, the mixture of E. grandis + E. staigeriana obtained the best result and for the headspace volatile exposure assay the best oil was E. citriodora. Comparing the two assays, contact and headspace volatile exposures, the contact assay had the best antifungal potential. In the evaluation using the basal medium in the contact assay, the mixture of E. staigeriana + (E. grandis x E. urophylla) achieved the best antifungal potential for both fungal species, and in the haedspace volatile exposure assay, the best antifungal potential was achieved with the oil of E. staigeriana. Both assays of this assessment were statistically identical to most treatments. It was observed that the treatments had a different influence over the fungal growth and aflatoxin production. And these depended on the oil, the assays and the aflatoxigenic species.

ASSUNTO(S)

fungos grains Óleos essenciais. eucalipto fungi antifúngicos eucalyptus essential oil antifungal control grãos armazenamento agrícola controle storage

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