Efeitos dos anestesicos locais na transmissão neuromuscular e no bloqueio produzido pelo rocuronio : estudo experimental / The effects of local anesthetics on the neuromuscular transmission and on the blockade produced by rocuronium : experimental study

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Local anesthetics can interact with neuromuscular blockers and modify their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties but this mechanism of interaction is very controversial. This experimental study performed in rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation and chick biventer cervicis muscle, had the objective to evaluate the effect of different local anesthetics in neuromuscular transmission and their influence in the block promoted by rocuronium. The parameters evaluated were that: the effect of local anesthetics (lidocaine, racemic bupivacaine, enantiomeric mixture of bupivacaine) and the rocuronium isolated in neuromuscular transmission; the block promoted by rocuronium in local anesthetics exposed preparations; the action of local anesthetics in contracture response of acetylcholine; their effects in membrane potentials and miniature end plate potentials. The results were expressed in average and standard deviation and analysed using T Student test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis and Anova with Tukey multiple comparative test. We adopted a level of significance of 5% (p<0,05). In rat phrenic nerv diaphragm preparation, local anesthetics in the concentrations employed did not caused alterations in the amplitude of muscle responses but potentialized the effect of rocuronium. In chick biventer cervicis preparations local anesthetics promoted a decrease in acetylcholine contracture response indicating a postjunctional effect. They did not cause significant alterations in membrane potential so they did not demonstrate depolarizing action in muscle fiber. Lidocaine promoted an initial increase in miniature end plate potentials (meps) followed by block and bupivacaine in the two formulations caused a decrease in the amplitude and frequency of meps, characterizing a prejunctional effect. The results obtained in this study demonstrate a synergism of the drugs confirmed by pre and postjunctional effects

ASSUNTO(S)

anestesia local bloqueadores neuromusculares anesthetics neuromuscular blockers neuromuscular junction junção neuromuscular local

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