Eficiência do sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo em confinamento do tipo freestall para vacas em lactação. / Efficiency of the adiabatic evaporative cooling system in freestall for dairy cows.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

This first work aimed to evaluate the effect of sprinkling frequency of adiabatic evaporative cooling system within feed line of a freestall in relation to temperature and humidity index (THI) and black globe temperature index (BGHI) and physiological responses in dairy cows. Data were registered during 116 days from January to May 2003. Twelve multiparous dairy cows with mean milk production of 30 kg day-1 were used. Treatments were sprinkling frequencies every 12, 14 or 16 minutes in sprinkler system with the same non-intermittent interval (85 seconds). Dry bulb temperature (DBT), air relative humidity (RH) and black globe temperature (BGT) inside and outside of facilities were measured hourly through a period of 24 hours. Respiratory frequency (RF), rectal temperature (RT) and skin temperature (ST) were taken at 13, 14, 15 and 16h in all the animals submitted to the treatments. The meteorological variables, DBT (31.5ºC) and BGT (32.5ºC), and the indexes of thermal comfort, THI (79.1) and BGHI (80.9), were higher with 12 minutes of sprinkling frequency when compared to other treatments. The RH was higher (60.3%) with 14 minutes than with 12 minutes (51.0%). In relation to physiological parameters, lactating cows with 12 minutes had higher rectal temperature (39.1ºC), respiratory frequency (76.0 mov min-1) when compared to with 16 minutes. To avoid unnecessary wastes should be used the interval of 16 min that resulted in the smallest amount of water consumed by the sprinkling cooling system. The second work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of thermal conditioned in free-stall facilities and its consequences on productive and physiological responses in dairy cows. Experimental period was 28 consecutive days of November 2003. Third dairy multiple cows with mean milk production of 20 kg.day-1. Treatments were: non-fan (NF), fan (F) and fan + misting (FM) in direction to animal bedding. Dry bulb temperature (DBT), air relative humidity (RH) and black globe temperature (BGT) inside and outside of facilities were measured every 15 minutes through a period of 24 hours. Milking was realized at 1, 9 and 17 hours and registering daily production. Animals were fed twice a day (10 and 15 hours) and amounts of offered and rejected feed were daily registered. Physiological data, as respiratory frequency (RF), rectal temperature (RT) and skin temperature (ST), were taken at 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17h. The RH was higher in V0 (61.8%) and VN (61.8%) treatments than in V (60.3%). The facilities (V) where it was used had higher BGT (27.4ºC) in relation to V0 (27.1ºC). Also, THI was higher in V (75.0) than in V0 (74.5) and VN (74.3) treatments. In relation to physiological parameters, lactating cows of V0 treatment had lower rectal temperature at 11, 13 and 17h. Respiratory frequencies were within normal variation, showing that animals of all treatments did not in heat stress condition. Higher feed intakes were observed in animals of V0 (20.5 kg DM.day-1) and V (21.3 kg DM.day-1) treatments, but it did not increase milk productions.

ASSUNTO(S)

comportamento animal conforto térmico das construções physiological responses evaporative cooling vacas confinamento animal fisiologia animal lactação animal behavior dairy cow freestall

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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