Influence of Balloon Size on Short-Term and Long-Term Results of Balloon Pulmonary Valvuloplasty

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RESUMO

This article studies the relationship between the size of the balloon used for balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) and the degree of relief of pulmonary stenosis. Twenty-six BPVs in 22 patients were divided into two groups: (A) those in which the balloon/pulmonary annulus ratio was 1.0 or less and (B) those in which the ratio was more than 1.0. In group A (which consisted of 9 BPVs), the mean ratio was 0.89 (range, 0.79 to 1.0, whereas in group B (which included 17 BPVs), the mean ratio was 1.32 (range, 1.01 to 1.69). The two groups had similar pre-BPV pulmonary valve (PV) gradients [93 ± 41 (mean ± SD) vs 103 ± 40 mm Hg] (p > 0.1). Immediately after BPV, neither the absolute residual PV gradient (43 ± 29 vs 37 ± 21 mm Hg) nor the percentage of residual PV gradient (44 ± 14 vs 36 ± 17 percent) differed significantly (p > 0.1) from group to group. However, long-term follow-up (which ranged from 6 to 28 months, with a mean of 12 months), showed the residual PV gradient in group B (18 ± 8 mm Hg) to be lower (p < 0.02) than that in group A (80 ± 52 mm Hg). Similarly, the percentage of residual gradient (83 ± 41 vs 20 ± 10 percent) was also lower in group B. Repeat BPV was required in four patients from group A, but in none from group B.

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