Influence of the sex and slaughter weight in the amount of meat and lipidic composition in commercial swine lineages. / Influencia do sexo e peso de abate na quantidade de carne e na composição lipidica em linhagens comerciais de suino.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

The purpose of this paper was to determine the amount of meat and fat in the carcasses of castrated male and female pigs of the Optimus lineage (Pietran) and Maximus (Male Pietran x Large White female) in the light slaughter weight (95-100kg) and heavy one (115-120kg), as well as verify the content of cholesterol and fatty acids composition in the pork cuts such as loin, fore end and ribs. Forty animals were used, distributed in eight treatments according to sex, slaughter weight and genetic lineage. The evaluation of meat and fat amount was made 24h post mortem by eletronic instrumentation (HENNESSY GRADING SYSTEM) and the boning method. The cholesterol content (mg/100g) was determined by the colorimetric method according to the procedure described by BRAGAGNOLO &RODRIGUEZ-AMAYA (1992) and the composition of fatty acids was obtained by gas chromatography with fused silica capillary column. The quantitative evaluations showed that the Maximus lineage animals presented a larger muscle thickness (59.6-72.2 mm), higher percentage of lean meat (48.6-52.4%) and thinner fat thickness (14.2-20.7 mm) than the Optimus lineage animals. Taking into account the sex influence in both lineages, the castrated males obtained a much larger fat thickness than the females. The muscle thickness varied between sexes and weights. The Optimus had a deeper difference on the heavy animals, where the male obtained a higher value than the female; however, in the Maximus lineage no meaningful difference was observed between the sexes, but among the treatments, where the heavy male obtained a higher value than the light one, not differing on the females at different weights. The cholesterol content ranged from 33 mg/100g in the fore end to 61 mg/100g in the pork ribs for the Optimus lineage, and for the Maximus lineage the value ranged from 32 mg/100g in the fore end to 52 mg /100g, in the pork ribs. In general, the cholesterol content of the fore end was smaller than the other cuts in both analysed lineages, while the Maximus lineage showed less cholesterol content for all cuts. Considering the weight effect on the cholesterol content, for both lineages, the heavy animals obtained a much higher value than the light animals. The sex didn?t influence in the cholesterol content, in both lineages, and by evaluating the interaction of sex x weight x cut, the results indicated that for both studied lineages there wasn?t a meaningful difference in the cholesterol content of the loin and rib cuts in the heavy animals on both sexes. However, the Maximus lineage fore end cut presented some difference between sexes, where the male obtained large cholesterol content than the female. For the light animals, Optimus lineage, the female presented a larger cholesterol content than the male, differing from the Maximus lineage, where the cholesterol content of the fore end was higher in the male. The fatty acid composition of the swine meat in the present study was 39% saturated, 44% monounsaturated and 11% polyunsaturated for the Optimus lineage and values were found of 38% saturated, 45% monounsaturated and 13% polyunsaturated, for the Maximus lineage. According to the results found, it was possible to conclude that the fatty acid composition of Maximus lineage presented a higher monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content and less saturated fatty acid content. Relating to the cuts, the fore end obtained less value of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid, in both lineages. As the composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in the Optimus lineage, the loin obtained, in general, the least value, while for the Maximus lineage the least value found was for the rib cut. Thirteen fatty acids were detected in all analysed cuts, being the main ones 16:0, 18:0, 16:1w7, 18:1w9, 18:1w7, 18:2w6. The major fatty acids that had a variation in the cuts were the 16:1w7, 18:1w9 and 18:2w6 in the Optimus lineage and, 18:1w9 and 18:2w6 for the Maximus lineage. Analysing the 16:1w7, the loin (3.4% Maximus lineage and 3.2% Optimus lineage) obtained the largest value, followed by the fore end (3.2% Maximus lineage and Optimus lineage) and rib (2.7% Maximus lineage and 2.6% Optimus lineage). The fatty acid 18:1w9 had similar occurence in both studied lineages, where the rib (39.2% Maximus lineage and 38.7% Optimus lineage) and loin (39.4% Maximus lineage and 38.1% Optimus lineage) differed from the fore end (36.5% Maximus lineage and 35.9% Optimus lineage). For the fatty acid 18:2w6, on the Optimus lineage, the rib (10.5%) and fore end (9.6%) differed from the loin (8.8%), while the Maximus animals, the fore end (12.3%) obtained a larger content in 18:2w6 differing from the rib (11.2%) and loin (10.5%).

ASSUNTO(S)

sexo acidos graxos suino swines sex colesterol cholesterol fatty acids

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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