Mecanismos de ação de antioxidantes de origem vegetal : estudo do polifenol ácido elágico e do extrato de caqui (Diospyros kaki)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The present work was divided in 2 chapters. In the first chapter, we investigated the antioxidant mechanism of ellagic acid (EA) to prevent oxyradical formation in a system containing Cu(II) plus ascorbate. The antioxidant property of persimmon pulp in oxidative processes mediated by Fe(III) in vitro was studied in the second chapter. EA study demonstrated that this polyphenol inhibited 2-deoxyribose (2-DR) degradation mediated by 15 μM Cu(II) and 0.5 mM ascorbate, showing a maximum antioxidant activity with 15 μM EA. Moreover, the protection against 2-DR degradation decayed with the increase in Cu(II) concentration. These results suggest that EA inhibits 2-DR degradation due to the formation of a 1:1 copper-EA complex. However, performing a variation of 2-DR concentration it was observed that the percent protection highly decreased as the 2-DR concentration increased. This result suggested that EA antioxidant activity was also due to the copper-EA complex ability to scavenge free radicals. In addition, EA prevented in vitro plasmid DNA breakage and strongly inhibited ascorbate oxidation and O2 consumption with a 1:1 Cu(II):EA ratio. EPR studies showed that EA inhibits ascorbyl formation mediated by Cu(II) and ascorbate and a complete inhibition is observed at 1:1 Cu(II):EA ratio. We concluded that AE slows down ascorbate-mediated Cu(II) reduction and that the copper-EA complex may scavenge hydroxyl radicals, thus preventing DNA damage and 2-DR degradation. Relating to persimmon antioxidant study, it was observed that persimmon pulp extract inhibited the 2-DR oxidative degradation induced by 50 μM Fe(III)-citrate and 0.5 mM ascorbate (I50 ~ 0.5 to 1.5 mg/mL). The antioxidant effect varied among the fruits (2 mg/mL of different individual fruit extracts protect 2-DR degradation in a range of 52 to 91%). The prevention of 2-DR oxidative degradation by persimmon extract was inversely dependent to the iron-complex (with EDTA or citrate) concentration. Although, the EDTA concentration and pre-incubation time variation did not change antioxidant capacity of persimmon extract indicating that chelating properties does not exist in aqueous solution. When determining lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenates induced by Fe(III)-citrate plus ascorbate, the persimmon extract presented an antioxidant effect only with low ascorbate concentrations and exhibited pro-oxidative effect in ascorbate concentrations higher than 0.25 mM. Persimmon extract also increased ascorbyl radical EPR signals in the presence of ascorbate (1 mM) and Fe(III)- citrate. Those results suggest that oxidized compounds present in persimmon may oxidize ascorbate to ascorbyl. Although, when Fenton reagents were employed, persimmon extract showed an antioxidant effect inhibiting lipid peroxidation. The same antioxidant profile was observed in the presence of 50 μM ascorbate.

ASSUNTO(S)

metais caqui radicais livres antioxidant ellagic acid free radical ácido elágico metals nutricao persimmon antioxidante

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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