Microhimenopteros(Insecta : Hymenoptera) parasitoides e insetos predadores de moscas sinantropicas (Insecta : Diptera na Granja Capuavinha, Monte Mor, SP

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1995

RESUMO

This work was carried out in a puttry facility (Granja Capuavinha) located in the Monte Mor county, State of São Paulo, ftom February/91 to Aprit/92 and aimed to study its synantropic flies and their predators and parasitoids. IO-liter manure samples were taken every two weeks ftom three places chosen by draw ftom 15 different places previously selected for collecting. F1ying insects over the manure on those some three sites were collected with a net in those same days. The pupae were extrated ftom manure by using a water-flotation method. Berlese Tulggren s funnel was used to extract parasitoids and larvae ftom flies. Each pupa was kept in a small jar for 35 days until the emergence ofthe fly or parasitoid. When neither occured that pupa was dissected. The species of flies presenting parasitoids were, in decreasing order of abundance: Chrysomya putoria (Wiedeman), Muscina stabulans (Fallén), Musca domestica L., Fannia pusio (Stein) and also some non-identified Sepsidae species. The pupal parasitoids in decreasing order of abundance were: Spalangia gemina Boucek, Spalangia cameroni (perkins), Muscidifurax raptoroides (Kogan &Legner), Pachycrepoidus vindemiae (Rondani) and Nasonia vitripennis Wa1ker (Pteromalidae), Trichopria stelenes NlXon (Diapriidae). Taehinaephagus zealandicus (Ashmead) albeit of a larval-pup kind, was the most abundant parasitoid. To the proportion of collected pupae, the following factors had significance over the global index of 5%: the site of collecting, the host species, the season of the year, the interaction between the host species and the parasitoid species, and interaction between host species and season (pr <0,0001) in addition to the month of collecting (pr <0,0035). The proportion os parasitoids was 5% significant in relation to the side of collecting, the host species, the parasitoid species, the interaction between both and also the month when the collected occured. Among the pupae dissected which had parasitoids Muscina stabulans was the epecies presenting the highest infection rate. The most common ofits parasitoids was ofthe gregarious typpe and incompletely. During two months we carried the sentinel test using Musca domestica pupae. The species wich emerged ftom were S. gemina, S. eameroni e S. gemina althrough in a very low rate ofparasitism (1.24%). From the Berlese- Tullgren s funnel we were able to find different stages of other synantropic flies: Hermecia illucens (Stratiomyidae), Ornidia obesa (Syrphidae), and some species of phaeroceridae and the parasitoid S. impuneta. Careinops troglodytes Paykull and other beettes ftom different families (Staphylinidae, Tenebrionidae and Trogidae) were the most abundant predators. Labidura riparia was the most numerous Dermaptera. To the stages of host predator, the following factors presented 5% significance leveI: host species, host stage, interactions between host stage and host species (pr <0,0001). To the ftequency ofpredators the following factors presented a 5% significance leveI: site of collecting, host species, host stage, and also the predators. The following indexes were calculated to measure the retation between hosts and parasitoids: faunistic, ftequency, abundance and constancy. Pteromalidae (exception for M. raptoroides) was found very ftequent and common on1y for F. pusio. For the hosts as a whole the foUowing indexes were calculated: similarity, affinity, association and Pearson correlation. The highest similarity index was found between M. stabulans and C. putoria and T. ualandicus and S. cameroni. The affinity index was significant for ali the host species wich presented T. zealandicus. The correlation coefficient was the highest between T. zealandicus and M. stabulans. There was also correlation between Muscidae and Sepsidadae and the predators Staphylinidae. The Sphaeroceridae showed correlation with alI the Coleoptera families. There was no correlation between Dermaptera and Staphylinidae

ASSUNTO(S)

coleoptero mosca domestica diptero himenoptero

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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