Modulação da expressão de genes de reparo do DNA em células humanas irradiadas com raios gama sob diferentes taxas de dose / Modulation of the expression of DNA repair genes in human cells irradiated with gamma rays at different dose rates

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Ionizing radiation (IR) has been widely applied in medicine, mainly in diagnosis and therapy purposes. Considering that the exposure to radiation lead to serious complications to human health and environment, it has been relevant to study molecular mechanisms underlying cell responses to gamma-rays in different cell types, especially in normal cells. In radiobiology, dose rate (DR) is an important factor to be taken in account, on the basis of previous results in the literature. In this context, two distinct DR (0.5 and 2.0Gy/min.) were tested aiming to verify the influence of DR on profiles of gene and protein expression displayed by human fibroblasts and lymphocytes. Confluent primary fibroblasts were irradiated with 4Gy and lymphocytes with 2 Gy of -rays, doses delivered at 0.5 and 2.0 Gy/min. RNA was extracted at 6 h post-irradiation for the expression analysis by the cDNA array method in fibroblasts. Few DNA repair genes and proteins (H2AX, PCNA and FEN1) were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot, respectively, in both cell types, at two time-points (2 and 6 h post-irradiation). Results on gene expression were analyzed by the SAM method, which indicated 94 up-regulated genes (False discovery rate <0.05) at 0.5 Gy/min. The most significant biological processes associated with modulated genes were metabolism, DNA repair, apoptosis signaling and stress response. On the other hand, 34 genes were modulated in cells irradiated at 2.0 Gy/min. (4 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated genes). For such DR, the major biological processes were metabolism, DNA repair, replication, stress response and apoptosis. By using qPCR method, some DNA repair genes (ERCC1, ERCC3 (or XPB), XPF, XPA, FEN1) and ATM (damage sensor) were studied. A wide difference in gene modulation was detected in response to different DR, mainly for fibroblasts analyzed at 2 h post-irradiation. However, this difference was slight in lymphocytes, suggesting that other alternative repair pathways could occurr in irradiated lymphocytes under low TD, possibly in consequence of DNA lesions such as double strand breaks, which are efficiently induced by 2 Gy. Interestingly, the expression of PCNA was down-regulated in fibroblasts irradiated at 2.0 Gy/min, while the expression of H2AX in lymphocytes decreased at both DR 6 h post-irradiation, These findings indicated several biological processes involved in stress responses generated by irradiation at two different DR in human cells. Actually, DR influenced cellular responses at transcriptional and protein levels. These data obtained at molecular level provide relevant information towards clarifying the mechanisms underlying cellular responses displayed by irradiated- normal cells.

ASSUNTO(S)

gene expression radiações ionizantes expressão gênica taxa de dose ionizing radiation dna repair dose rates reparo do dna

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