O efeito do trabalho infantil na estatura final de adultos jovens e características de sua escolaridade - Estudo da coorte de nascidos vivos entre 1978/79, nos hospitais de Ribeirão Preto, SP / The effects of child labor on the final height and schooling level of a 22-25 years old population-based-cohort from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. 2005. 158 f. Thesis (Doctoral) Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2005.

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

05/08/2005

RESUMO

CORTEZ, S.A.E. The effects of child labor on the final height and schooling level of a 22-25 years old population-based-cohort from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. 2005. 158 f. Thesis (Doctoral) Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2005. Background: Several adverse health effects have been associated with child labor. However, its effects on human growth are still debatable mostly because of the poor study designs and lack of control of socioeconomic factors. Aim: to assess the effects of child labor on the final height and schooling level of a 22-25-yr old population-based-cohort from Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, located in one of the wealthiest areas in Brazil.Methods: The study included 2063 singletons (30,2% males and 33,5% females), from the initial cohort of 6827 live births in the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil (1978/79). Height was measured in centimeters at the follow-up examination. Child labor was defined according to the age at the first job (<14; 14-16; 17yrs+). Known determinants of height and possible confounders were considered in the analysis, at birth (intrauterine growth restriction IUGR, length at birth, mothers age and education, maternal smoking habit, and socioeconomic position), and at adult age (color/ethnicity, number of siblings, physical activity). For females, age at menarche was also considered as confounder. Statistical analysis was performed separately for males and females. Bivariate and stratified analysis was followed by multivariate linear regression analysis. Variables were selected into the model using a backward stepwise-like selection. Plausible interactions were tested and residual analysis was performed. Moreover, sequential analysis of confounder factors associated to the final height was performed. Results: Mean height was 176.0 cm (95% CI 175.6-176.4) for males and 162.7 cm (95% CI 162.3 163.0) for females. Labor before 14 yrs of age was observed in 20.4% of males and 12.4% of females, and labor between 14 and 16 yrs of age was observed for 41.7% of males and 36.7% of females. In the bivariate analysis child labor was statistically associated with lower height for both males (p=0.0065) and females (p=0.007). However, this association did not remain significant after adjusting for confounders. The sequential analysis suggested that for both males and females socioeconomic factors were the most important factors. Regarding schooling achievement, among those who worked before 14 years old and were not studying at the moment of the study, 62,3% finished or withdraw the studies at any moment during the high school the 30.2% before completing 9 years of study. High school profile was similar for those who begin to work between 14 and 17 years old and 16.4% achieved more than 12 years old of study. Conclusion: our study did not support the association between child labor and final height. Moreover, it was observed that those children who did not work early in life achieved higher schooling levels.

ASSUNTO(S)

child labor crescimento desenvolvimento humano escolaridade human development human growth schooling trabalho infanti

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