Obtaining extract from the residue of the sugar cane and alcohol industrial using supercritical CO2 : process parameter and estimative of the cost of manufacturing. / Obtenção de extrato proveniente do aproveitamento de residuo da industria sucroalcooleira, utilizando CO2 supercritico : parametros de processo e estimativa do custo de manufatura.

Alberto Shintaku

The purpose of this work was to determine the manufacturing cost for the wax extract obtained from residues of the sugar cane and ethanol industry (filter cake), using SFE (Supercritical Fluid Extraction). Experiments were accomplished to determine the global yield isotherms, the overall extraction curves (kinetic of extraction) and to identification chemical composition of the extracts. The global yield isotherms were determined at the pressures of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 bar and temperatures of 50 ºC and 30 ºC The amount of raw material (raw material A) used in each trial was 2.5 grams and a CO2 flowrate of 0.249 ± 0.002 kg/h. The experiments were duplicated. In order to determine the overall extraction curves (OEC), distinct raw materials were used from three different regions of São Paulo State (raw materials A, B and C). The OEC for the raw material A was initially determined at 50 ºC, with 200 bar and 350 bar of pressure respectively. In spite of 50 ºC be chosen initially, the experiments were accomplished in the SFE (Supercritical Fluid Extraction) equipment at 60 ºC and 200 bar for the raw material A, B and C being the temperature chosen due to characteristics of extract high viscosity (solid state at the ambient or room temperature). A 25 grams raw material sample was used in each trial with an outflow of 0,249 ± 0,003 kg/h of CO2 (a relation of 15 kg of CO2/kg of raw material). The extractors capacity was estimated from the extraction yield, the extraction time of Constant Extraction Rate period (CER) and the physical characteristics of the raw material (density, porosity, etc.). Extractors sizing considered the compatibility with existent extractors commercial capacity. This capacity estimation allowed the attainment of the product cost, from an economic analysis where investment cost, equipment cost, cost of operating labor, cost of operating supplies, etc. have been determined, composing the total extraction cost. The cost sensitivity was analyzed for variations in the investment cost, cost of operating supplies, energy cost, cost of operating labor and extraction income, showing that the production cost is influenced mainly by the variation in the investment cost and by the variation of the extraction yield. The determined wax extract obtaining cost, with SFE technology, was US$ 13,626.93/ton except for taxes.

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