Phenology, geographic and seasonal variation in fragrance choices and preferences of male orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) in Chapada dos Guimarães National Park and Província Serrana of Mato Grosso State, Brazil / Fenologia das abelhas Euglossini Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae) e a variação sazonal e geográfica na escolha e preferência por iscas-odores no Parque Nacional de Chapada dos Guimarães e na Província Serrana de Mato Grosso, Brasil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Orchid bees occur in the Neotropics and are known as such because the males pollinate the orchid flowers. Due to the lack of research into the Brazilian cerrado, this study aimed to report the abundance and richness of the orchid bee species found in the gallery forest of the Veú de Noiva valley in the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park and in the dry forests of the Província Serrana of Mato Grosso state. From May 2003 to July 2005, 498 male euglosine bees, belonging to five genera, were collected. The gallery forest site presented the highest levels of diversity and species richness indices (H= 2.9, Dmg= 8.609), followed by the karst of the Água Milagrosa sinkhole (H= 2.14, Dmg= 1.608) and the Jacobina Farm (H= 2.02, Dmg= 2.918). Of the 56 species recorded, only ten were common to all three environments. As regards the new species recorded, but not yet described, 19 species belong to Euglossa Latreille, 1804 and seven belong to Eufriesea Cockerell, 1908. The original data matrix used by ENGEL (1999) was amplified with the addition of eight new characters, two new taxa, and its analysis resulted in a single topology of length 39, CI=0.66, and RI=0.78. The relationships among the Exaerete species can be summarized as: (((E. smaragdina + (E. frontalis + E. lepeletieri)) + ((E. trochanterica + E. guaykuru) + (E. azteca + E. dentata))). Three principal clades were found for the Exaerete Hoffmannsegg, 1817 genera: frontalis group (Ex. frontalis, Ex. smaragdina, and Ex. lepeletieri), with the remaining species belonging to the dentata group, itself split into two distinctive clades the dentata subgroup (Ex. dentata and Ex. azteca) and the trochanterica subgroup (Ex. trochanterica and Ex. guaykuru). Voucher specimens of the research material were deposited in the collection of the São Paulo University Biology Department (FFCLRP-USP: RPSP), the holotypes were deposited in the collection of the São Paulo University Zoology Museum (MZUSP), and the rest in the authors collection.

ASSUNTO(S)

exaerete phylogeny apidae euglossini hymenoptera euglossini filogenia taxonomy ecology hymenoptera

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