Response of Wheat Plants to Combinations of Herbicides with Insecticides and Fungicides
AUTOR(ES)
VIECELLI, M.
FONTE
Planta daninha
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
19/08/2019
RESUMO
RESUMO: A associação entre herbicidas e demais pesticidas pode causar reflexos tanto no manejo de plantas daninhas quanto de cultivadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da associação de diferentes herbicidas com inseticidas ou fungicidas pertencentes a diferentes grupos químicos sobre o desenvolvimento e rendimento de grãos de trigo, cultivar ORS Vintecinco. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. O experimento foi constituído por 33 tratamentos: testemunha sem aplicação, aplicação dos herbicidas 2,4-D (1.005 g e.a. ha-1), bentazon (756 g i.a. ha-1), metsulfuron-methyl (3 g i.a. ha-1) e pyroxsulam (16 g i.a. ha-1), de forma isolada ou associados com os inseticidas chlorfluazuron (15 g i.a. ha-1), chlorpyrifos (720 g i.a. ha-1), deltamethrin (5 g i.a. ha-1) e methomyl (5 g i.a. ha-1), ou com os fungicidas azoxystrobin (100 g i.a. ha-1), carbendazim (250 g i.a. ha-1) e propiconazole (190 g i.a. ha-1). Avaliou-se a tolerância relativa (TR), a massa da parte aérea seca (MPAS) das plantas e os componentes de rendimento e rendimento de grãos. De modo geral, pyroxsulam apresentou maior número de interações sinérgicas com os inseticidas e fungicidas utilizados, reduzindo dessa forma a TR e MPAS das plantas, destacando-se a associação pyroxsulam + chlorpyrifos pelo menor nível de TR (45%) e maior redução de MPAS (52%). Todas as associações de herbicidas com o inseticida chlorpyrifos e a maioria das associações com o fungicida propiconazole resultaram em redução do rendimento de grãos em relação à aplicação isolada dos mesmos herbicidas ou à testemunha sem aplicação.ABSTRACT: The combination of herbicides and other pesticides can influence weed and crop management. This study aimed to evaluate the response of the combination of different herbicides with insecticides or fungicides of different chemical groups on the development and yield of wheat grains of the cultivar ORS Vintecinco. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of 33 treatments, as follows: control without application and application of the herbicides 2,4-D (1,005 g a.e. ha-1), bentazon (756 g a.i. ha-1), metsulfuron-methyl (3 g a.i. ha-1), and pyroxsulam (16 g a.i. ha-1), isolated or combined with the insecticides chlorfluazuron (15 g a.i. ha-1), chlorpyrifos (720 g a.i. ha-1), deltamethrin (5 g a.i. ha-1), and methomyl (5 g a.i. ha-1) or with the fungicides azoxystrobin (100 g a.i. ha-1), carbendazim (250 g a.i. ha-1), and propiconazole (190 g a.i. ha-1). Relative tolerance (RT), shoot dry matter (SDM), yield components, and grain yield were evaluated. In general, pyroxsulam had the highest number of synergistic interactions with insecticides and fungicides, reducing RT and SDM, especially the combination pyroxsulam + chlorpyrifos due to a lower RT level (45%) and higher SDM reduction (52%). All combinations of herbicides with the insecticide chlorpyrifos and most of the combinations with the fungicide propiconazole led to a reduction of grain yield when compared to their isolated application or to control without application.
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