Respostas de observação na tarefa de pareamento ao modelo: analisando topografias de controle de estímulos e seus efeitos sobre a formação de equivalência / Observing responses on the MTS task: Stimuli control topography analysis and their equivalence relations effects

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Understanding that the study of stimulus control topographies (SCTs) may be benefited on a conditional discrimination procedure to investigate the complex control of stimuli, specially in the classes formation of equivalent stimuli, this study investigates this issue directly, through a software that executes the matching-to-sample task (MTS) in a modified way. This change in the task of MTS consists basically of responses to observing responses (ORs) as a possible resource for describing and evaluating the establishment of much different TSCs, both during the long training of conditional discrimination and during the testing to verify the classes training of equivalent stimuli. For this, three experiments were designed. In Experiment 1, the objectives were a) to investigate the occurrence and sequence of ORs and b) to analyze the establishment probability of different SCTs (selection and rejection). Three under-graduate students participated. In the task, MTS with delay of 0s and three stimuli for comparison, the model and the stimulus were initially covered up and became visible only after the ORs issuance. All participants had success in the equivalence formation, with probabilities of responses choice to S+ under control of both the SCT selection and the SCT rejection, demonstrating that the ORs have become an effective resource for such research. In Experiment 2, methodological changes were made with the objective of encouraging the establishment of either SCT (selection or rejection) during the conditional relations training and to see the effects of these variations in performance obtained in the tests. Six under-graduate students participated submitted to a condition in which the observation of S+ (three participants) or the S- (three participants) was prevented in 70% of attempts at training. The results indicated that the restrictions on the observation of S+ produced more injury to the restrictions equivalence formation than the ones on the observation of S-, in addition to demonstrating the relative lack of coherence between the SCTs planned and established by the participants. For Experiment 3, in which 12 under-graduate students participated, the experimental apparatus programmed during the training was: a) to define S+ from the first issued OR as a situation favoring the TSC selection establishment (for three participants, 100% of attempts and three others, in approximately 80% of attempts), and b) to set the S+ from the third RO as a situation favoring the TSC rejection establishment (in 100% of attempts to three participants and approximately 80%, other three). In the results, the classes formation success of equivalent stimuli in the performance shown by all participants under the conditions 1st / 3rd and 80% / 80% and by only one participant of the 1st condition / 100% stood out. In the successful performance in tests, the establishment of two SCTs, specially under conditions of 3 / 80% (all participants), or primarily of SCT selection (single participant of the 1st condition / 100%) was identified. The general data set allows us to discuss the bias that either SCT may change the conditionality practice, since the success in equivalence formation seems to be a likely simultaneity product of the different SCTs. Accordingly, it is necessary to invest more in the manipulations in which the focus is the different bias planning.

ASSUNTO(S)

stimulus equivalence controle de estímulos equivalência de estímulos human matching-to-sample stimulus control matching-to-sample respostas de observação observing response humanos

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados