Serrapilheira aplicada como biomonitor na avaliação do bosque urbano do Instituto de Pesquisas  Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo,SP / Litterfall as biomonitors applied the evaluation of urban forest of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, São Paulo, SP

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

10/11/2011

RESUMO

Several processes are considered responsible for ecosystems maintaining. Among them we can highlight mineral cycling that corresponds to the cycle of chemical elements that flow between the biotic compartments, leaves and litterfall, and abiotic, atmosphere and soil. These chemical elements accumulate of the active form through the absorption in the tissues of these organisms, allowing its use as a use as biomonitor in the environment quality evaluation. Based on this premise it is possible, from the biochemical cycling study of litterfall, to know the origin of chemical elements observed in diagnosis leaves of trees. The objective of this study was evaluate, on spatial and temporal scale, the characteristics of the production and seasonality of the litterfall deposition and study the chemical composition of leaves arising from this litterfall deposited on the campus of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute IPEN, São Paulo (RMSP), aiming the employment as an indicator of the conservation or degradation stage of the studies areas. Were installed 10 litterfall collectors, measuring 1m², depth of 45 cm and 2 mm mesh, placed at 20 cm from soil under the crown of 10 trees. To determinate the production of litterfall was collected the deposition monthly during the months of February/2010 through January/2011. The determination of chemical elements was realized by X-ray fluorescence for dispersion of wavelength (WDXRF) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). For the statistical analysis was applied to principal component analysis. The temporal heterogeneity observed was consequence of seasonality, interfering in the litterfall production relative to the amount and percentages of fractions. The production of litterfall (dry basis), during the development of the research was 5.86 kg m² year-1, being the Psidiumguajava species with the highest litterfall rate. Among the fractions, the most representative compartment was leaves with 53.12%, followed by wood with 26.84% and reproductive parts thats represented 20.04%, of all litterfall. The elements analyzed were Ca, Si, K, P, Fe Cl, Ni, Sr, Zn, Cu, Th, U, Mn, Al, Ti, Na, Mg, S e Br. The most abundant were Ca, Si, and K (1.8%, 0.5% and 0.6 respectively) representing the leaf composition. Although in the past have been pilot units of uranium and thorium purification, as well considering the current fuel cycle installations, it was observed that monitored material not be presented impacted as to the chemical elements evaluated, and the installations existing do not affect the biogeochemical cycle of plants. The study brought highly relevant results to better understand in what state is the forest around the nuclear facilities of IPEN/SP.

ASSUNTO(S)

biomonitor biomonitor instalações nucleares litterfall nuclear facilities serrapilheira

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