Shedding of Ovine Herpesvirus 2 in Sheep Nasal Secretions: the Predominant Mode for Transmission
AUTOR(ES)
Li, Hong
FONTE
American Society for Microbiology
RESUMO
Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), the major causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever in ruminant species worldwide, has never been propagated in vitro. Using real-time PCR, a striking, short-lived, peak of viral DNA, ranging from 105 to over 108 copies/2 μg of DNA, was detected in nasal secretions from over 60.7% of adolescent sheep (n = 56) at some point during the period from 6 to 9 months of age. In contrast, only about 18% of adult sheep (n = 33) experienced a shedding episode during the study period. The general pattern of the appearance of viral DNA in nasal secretions was a dramatic rise and subsequent fall within 24 to 36 h, implying a single cycle of viral replication. These episodes occurred sporadically and infrequently, but over the 3-month period most of the 56 lambs (33, or 60.7%) experienced at least one episode. No corresponding fluctuations in DNA levels were found in either peripheral blood leukocytes or plasma. In a DNase protection assay, complete, enveloped OvHV-2 virions were demonstrated in the nasal secretions of all sheep examined during the time when they were experiencing an intense shedding episode. OvHV-2 infectivity in nasal secretions was also demonstrated by aerosolization of the secretions into OvHV-2-negative sheep. The data herein show that nasal shedding is the major mode of OvHV-2 transmission among domestic sheep and that adolescents represent the highest risk group for transmission.
ACESSO AO ARTIGO
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=535255Documentos Relacionados
- Analysis of the Pathogenetic Basis for Shedding and Transmission of Ovine Gamma Herpesvirus 2
- Transmission of Ovine Herpesvirus 2 in Lambs
- Quantitative Fluorogenic PCR Assay for Measuring Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Replication in Sheep
- Genetic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in blood and genital secretions: evidence for viral compartmentalization and selection during sexual transmission.
- Efficient Transmission of Two Different Sheep Scrapie Isolates in Transgenic Mice Expressing the Ovine PrP Gene