Sistema de produção do material utilizado como semente de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.), na região de Guanambi / System of production and quality of the material used as seed of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), in the area of Guanambi

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The present work had as objective to obtain information about the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed quality, used by farmers of ten municipal districts in the Southwest part of Bahia (Guanambi, Caetité, Palmas de Monte Alto, Candiba, Pindaí, Urandí, Sebastião Laranjeiras, Iuiu, Malhada and Bom Jesus da Lapa). The samples were obtained from the farmers, before sowing of the growing season 2003/2004, during the months of October to December of 2003. This samples were evaluated according to the physical purity, germination, initial population, emergency rate and sanity. The results obtained permitted to conclude that: 100% of the seeds with lint and 90% of the seeds delinted were inside of the established germination pattern by CESM-BA (State Commission of Seeds And Scions of Bahia); 100% of the seeds delinted and 94% of the seeds with lint were inside of the established pattern of purity by CESM-BA. In relation to the sanity of the seeds, it was verified that in 95% of the analyzed samples there was the presence of Fusarium and in 38% the presence of Alternaria, two pathogenic fungus of importance for the culture of the cotton. It was detected the presence of fungus of importance in the storage of seeds, in a way that 52% of the analyzed samples there were the presence of Aspergillus. And Penicillium was present in 72% of it; it was also detected other 11 species of fungus, of little importance for the cotton culture. During the process of obtaining of the samples a questionnaire was applied to the producers, obtaining information about: the size of the cultivated area, sowing type, origin of the seeds, production of own seeds, crop systems and improvement of the seeds, delinting, storage, treatment of the seeds, germination test and cultural practices. The analyses of this information permitted to conclude that: 47% of the producers cultivate larger areas than 100 hecteres; 82% use planting machines; 69% use common seeds acquired in the local market, 16% produce their own seed and 15% use supervised seeds; 70% said that supervised seeds are of high cost; 67% of the ones that produce their own seed use areas irrigated to produce them; 73% accomplish manual crop; 64% of the farmers that produce their own seed make the improvement; all of them receive the seeds delinted chemically; none of them stores the seeds in their property; 55% make treatment of seeds; 71% make germination test before the planting; all of them accomplish the control of insects, 9% accomplish control of diseases and 29% accomplish field inspection.

ASSUNTO(S)

qualidade fisiológica seeds cotton gossypium hirsutum algodão qualidade sanitária system of production sementes sanity quality sistema de produção agronomia physiologic quality

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