Sistematica de Acosmium s.l. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Sophoreae) e estudos de morfologia de plantulas e numeros cromossomicos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Acosmium Schott (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Sophoreae) is a neotropical genus comprising 18 species. In the last revision of the genus four sections were recognized by Yakovlev, distinguished by the ratio between the length ofthe calyx teeth with the length of the calyx tube, curvature of radic1e and stamens number. The general aim of this thesis was to evaluate the circumscription of the sections of Acosmium based on a cladistic ana1ysis and to revise the taxonomy of the Acosmium species. Besides, two biosystematic surveys were carried out to achieve supplementary data. The thesis consists of six chapters: 1. Cladistic ana1ysis of Acosmium with the aim of testing the monophyly of the genus and clarifying their infrageneric relationships, comparing the results with the most recent classification of Acosmium. We investigated 60 morphological characters, including seedling morphology and pollen data for 33 taxa belonging to 11 genera of Papilionoideae. The results showed that Acosmium was not monophyletic as currently delimitated, and their species grouped into three separated clades, which were considered as distinct genera: Acosmium s. str., Leptolobium Vogel and Guianodendron Schütz Rodr. &A.M.G. Azevedo. 2. Taxonomic revision of Acosmium, inc1uding specific delimitation, nomenclature, descriptions, illustrations. and ana1ytical key, as well as information on phenotypic similarity, geographical distribution and preferred habit for the taxa. Two changes in taxonomic rank and a new synonymization were proposed. Therefore, Acosmium was reduced to a single species, Acosmium lentiscifolium, with three subspecies, which have an allopatric occurrence probably associated with vicariance of seasonally dry tropical forests in South America. 3. Taxonomic revision of Leptolobium. The genus is neotropical and comprises 11 species, one of them new. Five new combinations, two new synonymizations and two new exc1usions were proposed. 4. Description of Guianodendron, a new genus comprising a single species, G. praeclarum (Sandwith) Schütz Ródr. &A.M.G. Azevedo, comb. novo Guianodendron is characterized by its tlowers with auriculate petals, five ftee stamens, reduced ovule number, and oval or ovalelliptic marked1y nerved stipules. Guianodendron praeclarum occurs in Guyana and this work is the first record for Brazil, in Amazonas state. 5. Seedling morphology of Acosmium, Leptolobium and Guianodendron, with the aim of describing and illustrating the seedlings of these three genera and evaluating their systematic value. The results corroborated the 4recognition of three distinct genera. Guianodendron has cripto-hipogeal seedlings, while Acosmium and Leptolobium have phanero-epigeal seedlings with foliaceous cotyledons, which are distinguishable from each other by hypocotyl form, nictinasty of leaflets and cotyledons and intercotyledonary glands 6. Chromosome numbers are presented for some Acosmium and Leptolobium taxa, in order to increase the cytologicallmowledge ofboth genera. In Acosmium were found 2n=18 (24 and 32), while in Leptolobium the chromosome numbers were uniformly 2n=18. The mitotic counts presented to Acosmium and to four Leptolobium species constituted their first chromosomal counts

ASSUNTO(S)

morfologia vegetal cromossomos (plantas) taxonomia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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