Study of the vaccine potencial of proteins from Schistosoma mansoni using atenuated recombinant salmonellas as vehicle for antigen presentation to the host / Estudo do potencial vacinal de proteínas de Schistosoma mansoni utilizando salmonelas atenuadas recombinantes como veículo para apresentação de antígenos ao hospedeiro

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Schistosomiasis is one of the most important endemic diseases in the world, with more than 200 million people infected in 76 countries. It is estimated that more than 600 million people live in endemic areas. In 2003 extensive data from the transcriptome of Schsitosoma mansoni was made available. The information on the encoded proteins allowed the analysis of protein function and improved the search for vaccine candidates. The analysis of the transcriptome allowed the identification of three families of proteins homologs to the mammalian dynein light chain (DLC). One of these was the L8 family, with at least 18 members, all proteins with around 10 kDa. These proteins were found to be expressed in the different stages of the S. mansoni life cycle. Two DLCs were recognized in the tegument of S. japonicum, suggesting that they are exposed to the host immune system. Attenuated salmonellas, as live vaccines, have been described as good vehicles for presentation of heterologous antigens. At our laboratory an important tool has been developed to improve the use of salmonellas as live recombinant vaccines, a plasmidial vector based on the soxRS regulon to control the expression of heterologous genes in vivo. This expression system promotes the expression of recombinant proteins under conditions of oxidative stress, such as that imposed to the microorganism in the macrophage environment. To investigate the vaccine potential of DLCs, three genes were selected to be cloned and expressed in E. coli and in attenuated salmonellas. Antigenicity and immunogenicity of these paralogous were tested in mice after immunization with purified proteins or with the recombinant salmonellas. The DLCs were proven to be very immunogenic, increasing the IgG titers. DLC1 also increased the IgE levels in the sera of animals, what could be related to allergenic reactions observed in infected population. High level of IgE can also be related to the resistance mark of people living in endemic areas. After immunization, the animals were challenged with cercarias to investigate the protective profile. It was observed that immunization with purified proteins resulted in approximately 40% decreasing in the worm burden. The analysis of the hepatic granulomas 45 days after infection indicated a significant, up to 70 %, reduction of the granuloma areas, suggesting that immunization with DLCs promotes important interference in the hepatic granuloma formation. On the other hand, our studies with the attenuated recombinant salmonellas, carrying DLCs, showed no effective antigen presentation to the mice immune system. Taking together, the results of decreasing the worm burden and the granuloma size after immunization with purified DLCs suggest that these proteins could be considered as interesting vaccine candidates, affecting the main causes of the pathology of schistosomiasis.

ASSUNTO(S)

expressão de proteínas in vivo salmonelas atenuadas vacinais in vivo protein expression schistosoma mansoni vacina contra esquistossomose schistosoma mansoni vaccine against schistosoneasis attenuated salmonelas vaccine

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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