Yield and quality of peanut cultivars seeds affected by liming and haversting time. / Produção e qualidade de sementes de cultivares de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) influenciadas pela calagem e pela época de colheita

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The objective of liming is the neutralization of soil aluminum and manganese, as well as the supply of calcium, the increase of nutrient availability at the frut forming zone of in the soil and the increase of seed tegument thickness which may serve as a barrier to fungi penetration and water loss. In Experiment I, six peanuts cultivars yield components and seeds yields were evaluated. Cultivar Caiapó presented highest seed yields whit no classificationas as well as retained more seeds on sieve 18/64, highest seed mass per plant, and mass of 100 seeds and, lower shell percentage at 120 DAP, independently of liming. Liming favored number of seeds per pod, independent of cultivar. Harvest carried at 120 DAP, in areas with and without liming, independently of cultivar, provided higher pod yield per plant and pod number per hectare. In Experiment II, soil samples diluted to 10-2, when saimpled at 120 DAP, independent of cultivar and liming, had lower pH values and base saturation, and lower Aspergillus flavus group population. In soil samples submitted to 10-3 dilution, Aspergillus flavus group fungi were not found. It was evident from the evaluation of sanitary and physiological quality of six peanut cultivars seeds (Experiment III), thas seeds of cv. BR 1 from no limed area, and seeds cv. Caiapó from area with liming, collected at 120 DAP, presented highest germination and vigor percentages (electrical conductivity, accelerated aging second count, controlled deterioration second count, emergence, speed of emergence index - IVE and seedling length), as well the highest fungi (total), Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. contamination. Liming and haversting time influenced the contents of calcium and nitrogen in the seeds. In Experiment IV, regarding the study of three peanut cultivars seeds contamination, seeds from cv. IAC 22 , from areas with no liming and harvested at 120 DAS, presented lower contamination by fungi total, by Aspergillus sp. and by Aspergillus flavus group, after inoculation and drying for 21 hours with the isolates 1, 2 and 3. An incidence increase of seeds contaminated by fungi (total), whitour affecting seedlings emergence was noticed. The highest seeds contamination by Aspergillus flavus group, after inoculation with the three isolates, caused highest infected seedlings percentage (with symptoms) by these fungi, in both evaluations, independently of cultivar and origin. Key words : Arachis hypogaea L., genotypes, calcium

ASSUNTO(S)

genotypes genótipos calcium amendoim; fungos fitopatogênicos; calagem dos solos cálcio arachis hypogaea l. arachis hypogaea l. agronomia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados