Aversive Stimulation
Mostrando 1-12 de 24 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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1. Dorsal periaqueductal gray stimulation facilitates anxiety-, but not panic-related, defensive responses in rats tested in the elevated T-maze
The escape response to electrical or chemical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG) has been associated with panic attacks. In order to explore the validity of the DPAG stimulation model for the study of panic disorder, we determined if the aversive consequences of the electrical or chemical stimulation of this midbrain area can be dete
Braz J Med Biol Res. Publicado em: 2012-11
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2. Cues to the usefulness of grooming behavior in the evaluation of anxiety in the elevated plus-maze
Grooming behavior has been reported to be a response to novelty and other stressors. However, studies that sought to identify anxiety-related measures in the elevated plus-maze have not found grooming as a reliable index. Grooming has been implied with dearousal after a stressful experience. In the present work, a detailed investigation of this behavior was
Psychol. Neurosci.. Publicado em: 2012-06
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3. Involvement of midbrain tectum neurokinin-mediated mechanisms in fear and anxiety
Electrical stimulation of midbrain tectum structures, particularly the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) and inferior colliculus (IC), produces defensive responses, such as freezing and escape behavior. Freezing also ensues after termination of dPAG stimulation (post-stimulation freezing). These defensive reaction responses are critically mediated by γ-amin
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2012-04
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4. Influência do ciclo estral no efeito do diazepam na ansiedade e memória de ratas
Memory and anxiety are related phenomena. Several evidences suggest that anxiety is fundamental for learnining and may facilitate or impair the memory formation process depending of the context. The majority of animal studies of anxiety and fear use only males as experimental subjects, while studies with females are rare in the literature. However, the preva
IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Publicado em: 17/05/2011
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5. Induction of Zenk protein expression within the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala of pigeons following tone and shock stimulation
In this study, we evaluated the expression of the Zenk protein within the nucleus taeniae of the pigeon’s amygdala (TnA) after training in a classical aversive conditioning, in order to improve our understanding of its functional role in birds. Thirty-two 18-month-old adult male pigeons (Columba livia), weighing on average 350 g, were trained under differe
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2011-08
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6. Influence of aversive visual stimulation on attention, working memory, and anxiety in university students
The present study investigated the influence of aversive visual stimulation on anxiety, working memory, and selective attention. The study was conducted with 366 participants of both sexes, divided into three groups: (i) no visual stimuli (n = 128), (ii) neutral visual stimuli (n = 114), and (iii) aversive visual stimuli (n = 124). Two DVD films, one contain
Psychology & Neuroscience. Publicado em: 2010-06
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7. Role of nitric oxide in the periaqueductal gray in defensive behavior in mice: influence of prior local N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation and aversive condition
Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation within the dorsal column of the periaqueductal gray (dPAG) leads to antinociceptive, autonomic, and behavioral responses characterized as the fear reaction. Activation of NMDA receptors in the brain increases nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and NO has been proposed to be a mediator of the aversive action
Psychology & Neuroscience. Publicado em: 2010-06
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8. Aversive stimulation during the stress-hyporesponsive period does not affect the number of corticotroph cells in neonatal male rats
Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the effects of neonatal handling and aversive stimulation during the first 10 days of life on the number of corticotrophs in the anterior lobe of the pituitary of 11-dayold male Wistar rats. Since adult rats handled during infancy respond with reduced corticosterone secretion in response to stressors and with less be
Publicado em: 2010
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9. Involvement of GABAergic mechanisms of the dorsal periaqueductal gray and inferior colliculus on unconditioned fear
The fact that the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) and inferior colliculus (IC), together with superior colliculus, medial hypothalamus and amygdala, constitute the brain aversion system has been well-established. Stepwise increases in the intensity of electrical stimulation of dPAG or IC cause freezing and escape responses, which are followed by a freezing
Psychology & Neuroscience. Publicado em: 2009-06
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10. Organização temporal em processos de condicionamento classico aversivo e na expressão da proteina Zenk no hipocampo de pombos (C. livia) / Temporal organization of classical aversive conditioning processes and expression of Zenk protein in the hippocampus of pigeons (C. livia)
Part of the knowledge about the mechanisms and neural basis of learning, memory and amnesia is based on the investigation of neural correlates of the behavior of non human animals in aversive situations. Moreover, many studies suggest that these behavioral processes are affected by the circadian timing system. The procedures of classical aversive conditionin
Publicado em: 2009
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11. Role of the cardiac nerve in the adaptive changes of heart rate in response to an aversive stimulus in Megalobulimus mogianensis
The effect of an aversive stimulus represented by contact with a hot plate on the heart rate of Megalobulimus mogianensis was evaluated with electrocardiogram recording in intact snails (N = 8). All stimulated animals showed an increase in heart rate, with mean values ranging from 35.6 ± 1.2 (basal heart rate) to 43.8 ± 0.9 bpm (post-stimulation heart rate
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2008-05
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12. Análise de possíveis efeitos desejáveis do controle aversivo na aprendizagem de comportamento eficaz
In this study, the hypothesis that contingences of punishment and negative reinforcement which constitute the area called ?aversive control?, take part in the process of establishment and maintenance of important behaviors, which can increase the probability of an individual to deal better with the adversities of his environment; as well as to contribute wit
Publicado em: 2007