Spatially Explicit Models
Mostrando 1-10 de 10 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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1. Efeitos da estrutura de habitat e do espaço sobre a diversidade de mamíferos no norte do Pantanal : uma abordagem de resolução fina
Compreender os mecanismos que causam variações espaço-temporais na diversidade biológica é uma das principais atribuições da ecologia. A teoria clássica de nicho prediz que o gradiente ambiental e sua complexidade mediam processos cruciais na estruturação das assembléias locais, permitindo a coexistência das espécies. A associação entre fatore
IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Publicado em: 2011
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2. Modelos Dinâmicos Acoplados para Simulação da Ecologia do vetor Aedes aegypti
The population dynamic of the vector Aedes aegypti and the dispersion of the Dengue virus have stimulated many studies. Computational models to simulate these phenomena are critically important to decision making in Public Health and to evaluate risk areas of Dengue transmission. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, has been suffering strong Dengue epidemics and the most sev
Publicado em: 2009
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3. Um sistema presa-predador com evasão mediada por feromônio de alarme / A predator-prey model with pursuit and evasion triggered by alarm pheromones
Pattern, structure and emergent collective properties are ubiquitous in systems with many units (alive or inanimated) coupled through nonlinear interactions. Within this context, the study of cooperative phenomena in population dynamics of ecological interest has attracted the attention of the mathematicians and physicists since Lotka and Volterra in the 192
Publicado em: 2006
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4. Reconciling paleodistribution models and comparative phylogeography in the Wet Tropics rainforest land snail Gnarosophia bellendenkerensis (Brazier 1875)
Comparative phylogeography has proved useful for investigating biological responses to past climate change and is strongest when combined with extrinsic hypotheses derived from the fossil record or geology. However, the rarity of species with sufficient, spatially explicit fossil evidence restricts the application of this method. Here, we develop an alternat
The National Academy of Sciences.
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5. The linear process of somatic evolution
Cancer is the consequence of an unwanted evolutionary process. Cells receive mutations that alter their phenotype. Especially dangerous are those mutations that increase the net reproductive rate of cells, thereby leading to neoplasia and later to cancer. The standard models of evolutionary dynamics consider well mixed populations of individuals in symmetric
National Academy of Sciences.
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6. Evolution of reduced dispersal mortality and 'fat-tailed' dispersal kernels in autocorrelated landscapes.
Models describing the evolution of dispersal strategies have mostly focused on the evolution of dispersal rates. Taking trees as a model for organisms with undirected, passive dispersal, we have developed an individual-based, spatially explicit simulation tool to investigate the evolution of the dispersal kernel, P(r), and its resulting cumulative seed-densi
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7. Spatial Distributions of Genotypes under Isolation by Distance
The spatial distributions of single-locus diploid genotypes, produced within populations of sexually reproducing individuals under isolation by distance, are measured and characterized in detail by quantifying the join-counts for simulated model populations. The models more realistically reflect spatially explicit distributions of genotypes in populations, b
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8. Size, shape, and the thermal niche of endotherms
A key challenge in ecology is to define species' niches on the basis of functional traits. Size and shape are important determinants of a species' niche but their causal role is often difficult to interpret. For endotherms, size and shape define the thermal niche through their interaction with core temperature, insulation, and environmental conditions, deter
National Academy of Sciences.
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9. Hutchinson's duality: The once and future niche
The duality between “niche” and “biotope” proposed by G. Evelyn Hutchinson provides a powerful way to conceptualize and analyze biogeographical distributions in relation to spatial environmental patterns. Both Joseph Grinnell and Charles Elton had attributed niches to environments. Attributing niches, instead, to species, allowed Hutchinson's key inn
National Academy of Sciences.
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10. Sharing the burden: antigen transport and firebreaks in immune responses
Communication between cells is crucial for immune responses. An important means of communication during viral infections is the presentation of viral antigen on the surface of an infected cell. Recently, it has been shown that antigen can be shared between infected and uninfected cells through gap junctions, connexin-based channels, that allow the transport
The Royal Society.